Minimax-Based Distributed Energy Management for Optimal Renewable and Battery Storage Utilization in DC Microgrids

Abstract

The growing complexity of renewable energy sources (RES) and energy storage systems (ESS) in DC microgrids requires sophisticated control schemes that may guarantee efficient and stable and collaborative work in the conditions of uncertainty. Nevertheless, renewable curtailment, nonlinear loads, and constraints of centralized structures frequently occur due to intermittency of RES, nonlinearity of load responses, and poor voltage regulations. This paper suggests a distributed control scheme integrating microgrid physical modeling, the aggregative game theory, and passivity-based analysis to optimize the use of RES and ESS and ensure stability of the system and proportional sharing of currents throughout the system. Fully distributed decision making algorithm is created to calculate the primal and dual variables of Nash equilibrium with the assistance of a neighbor-based estimation system of the total generation current. The resulting controller drives to a normalized Nash equilibrium with a high level of robustness and allows the voltage to be regulated and power distributed jointly without centralized communication. The performance of the simulation under both linear and nonlinear load conditions shows that there is great enhancement in the stability of voltages and accuracy of current sharing and utilization of renewable. The suggested plan will reduce curtailment and maximize the contribution of the ESS and allow resilient micrograding performance even when the dynamic disturbances occur.