CCO-TA: Collaborative Computation Offloading and Task Allocation Model for Vehicular Cloud Environment using 6G Assisted Volunteer Edge Computing and mmWave Technologies
Keywords:
Collaborative Computation Offloading, Task Allocation, Volunteer Edge Computing, AV Clustering, mmWave communication, IoV.Abstract
Computation offloading and task allocation in IoV (Internet of Vehicles) are vital for optimizing resource utilization and enhancing computational efficiency by distributing computing tasks among vehicles and edge/cloud infrastructure. This approach is essential for supporting resource-intensive applications, such as real time traffic management,autonomous driving, and collision avoidancewhile minimizing latency and maximizing system performance in dynamic vehicular environments.However, existing works are majorly limited with resource constraints, energy efficiency and reliability of IoV network. To alleviate these issues, we enhance the computational offloading challenge in vehicular cloud environments through the adoption of Volunteer Edge Computing (VEC), millimeter Wave (mmWave), and 6G technologies. VEC resolves computation issues, mmWave improves communication efficiency, and 6G technology reduces communication overhead. Our framework performs Collaborative Computation Offloading and Task Allocation addressed as CCO-TA. Initially, AVs are clustered using the Density Peak-based K-Nearest Neighbor (DP-KNN) algorithm based on task emergency, vehicle mobility, and density. Each cluster selects a Cluster Head (CH) with higher computation capability for VEC execution, while less critical tasks are offloaded to RSUs. RSUs perform collaborative offloading among themselves within their range using the Binary Corona Virus Optimization (BCVO) algorithm based on vehicle mobility. Additionally, load prediction in RSUs is accomplished using the Deep Learning (DL) algorithm Load Prediction Network (LPN), comprising LSTM encoder, convolution layers, and LSTM decoder for task allocation. Communication among vehicles (V2V) is managed by mmWave technology, while 6G communication oversees communication across the entire environment.The simulation results showcase that the proposed CCO-TA approach outperforms other methods in terms of system utility, resource constraints and efficiency, particularly under heavy system workloads.
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